See the atteatchment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

See the atteatchment - Essay Example It evident that the chief executive used foul language when he referred to the issue as ‘bullshit’ in the full glare of the cameras. Furthermore, according to CBC, the CEO did not respond promptly to the matter. He only dismissed the case without promising and assuring the public that the company would investigate the matter. Furthermore, he began finger pointing and blamed the media for working hard to tarnish the image and name of the company. All these pointed to problems in communication. The controversy regarding the use of foreign workers had adverse effects on a number of relevant audiences associated or linked to the company. The controversy affected current and potential employees of McDonald`s Canada. According to CBC, some of the employees compared their working conditions in the company to slavery. They complained of excessive working hours coupled with huge loads of work. Such conditions are not only inhumane, but also unhealthy. Furthermore, many foreign employees working in the firm have downed their tools for fear of the effects of the exposure (CBC). In addition, potential Canadian employees of this organization are pessimistic and have lost desire for working at McDonald`s. The claims reported by the CBC coupled by the various interviews and testimonies of other workers are convincing. Another audience affected by the news would be the investors. Similarly, the poor communication and circumstances surrounding it affected a section of customers. The move has also affected investors and shareholders in the company. Negative publicity is not good for a large company such as McDonald`s. Such acts make investors and various shareholders reconsider their position and support for the company. No investor or shareholder wishes to be associated with a business that does not operate by the rules and regulations of the

Stereotype and Prejudice Marjorie Essay Example for Free

Stereotype and Prejudice Marjorie Essay Abstract Our discussion is about how does society confirm prejudicial attitudes? How does ones social identity contribute to prejudice? How do emotions encourage prejudicial attitudes? What cognitive processes influence prejudice? Our text has explained competition; competition is an important source of frustration that can fuel prejudice. When two groups compete for jobs, housing, or social prestige, one group’s goal fulfillment can become the other group’s frustration. Prejudice Society confirms prejudice by what you possess and how much money you have. If you are not in a certain bracket such as (high class or middle class), you are considered poor. Prejudice helps justify the economic and social superiority of those who have wealth and power. Of course they will not give a chance at credit to buy a house, car, or start a business. Society, also confirm prejudice by the way you dress or the car you drive. Society confirms prejudicial attitude by focusing on personal individuality and Independence, as opposed to becoming a team with neighbors and friends. I am so glad that God looks at the heart and man looks at the outer appearance. Ones social identity contributes base on a realization of limited environmental control. The more you believe that you can impact your environment or social status, the less roll social identity plays Emotions really affect prejudicial attitudes because most of the time people make decisions based on their emotions. Emotions of fear and sadness or joy and gladness, which can cause you to project feelings in a hurtful way, rather than in a helpful manner Cognitive process influence prejudice through stereotyping, which cause prejudice. This can be a result of the normal ways in which we simplify and organize the world. Stereotypes are the social scripts we have in our heads about others and the roles we believe they should play in our socially constructed world. It is important to have the understanding of the basic concepts of prejudice and racism, and how to lessen their destructive effect (Rosado, 1995-2012). Reference Rosado, C. (1995-2012). Critical Multicultral Pavilion Research Room. Retrieved from http://www. edchange,org/multicultral/papers/caleb/racism. html.

Big business affects public relations ethics Essay Example for Free

Big business affects public relations ethics Essay Big business today affects public relation ethics. â€Å"U. S. corporations devote hundreds of millions of dollars annually to ? public relations in order to create goodwill for themselves. A major public ? relations goal is to make people believe that an organization exerts a ? positive and desirable force in society. This process is called image building; ideally, it creates credibility. † (Blohowiak 1987) There are two reasons regarding the deterioration of public relation ethics. First, people are driven by self gaining attitude. Second, because of the self- gain mentality, people treat costumers or the â€Å"other† as only an object or a means to achieve their desire. Individual’s self gain has been one of the strongest considerations of a man in indulging himself to a business or corporation. It is always automatic that man will seek for gain in any undertaking. Man desires for material things in life and is always in constant act of assimilating these things. This assimilation contributes to the malady of the business world today. Because of this drive of man to gain, man, most of the time is on a self- centered mode. Man is likely not to consider others in order to achieve his desires. He does not consider what ethical means to be done in order to achieve his goal rather, seeing only means that can contribute to his gain. Man becomes glued by the desire to gain. Instead of a brotherly relationship with a co- employee or a client, the relationship becomes just a functional relationship because people see each other as only a means to a desired end. They interact only by means of functions and with the reason of only accomplishing something. The relationship becomes an objective relationship and that they don’t care to other employees and costumers. The â€Å"I† and â€Å"thou† relationship is no where to be found. Customers and other employees are treated up objects. They are not recognized as also beings with human dignity. People in doing business do not look at the welfare of the â€Å"other† and becomes glued with self centeredness. Because of self gain which gives birth to treating others as only objects of their desire, the public relations ethics deteriorates. The business world today is full of deception that a lot of cases and dilemmas have been produced. People does not give emphasis on the quality of service they render instead their emphasis is on the amount of profit they will get from every transaction. Money becomes the criteria of doing business and of everything. The true meaning of inter human relationship vanishes. People do away from the very essence of it. They find meaning in assimilating material things which is a true deviation from their essence. Their essence as social being is to treat others as subjects, as beings with human dignity. People also deviate from the will of God because the will of God dictates that they must treat others with respect and love. God wants people to have a harmonious inter human relationship. It makes Him sad to see people using other people just to satisfy caprices. Greed becomes the theme of the business world today and great virtues and values are hard to find. The drive of man for self gain is very strong. It is very difficult to overcome. This is the reason why we have a deteriorating public relations ethics. People seem to care for the assimilation of money and nothing else. Material possessions drew people’s attention and they become fixated with it. Even in a lifetime, it is very difficult nowadays to detach from this sad reality of our existence. Life in the business world is always a tale of thinking to do what’s right and thinking to do what is beneficial to one’s self, very hard but interesting battle that every people is facing. With big business processing big investments for big profits, big business executives will not think twice in manipulating public relations activities to make the picture suit their interests over other competitiors.

Gender Representation in the Media

Gender Representation in the Media A comparison of representation between genders and how different genders are portrayed in childrens media Introduction I have chosen this EPQ topic because I wanted to address possible issues in the world we live in today. Its no secret that in society sexism, under representation and/or bad representation of both genders run wild and the issues greatly affect males and females. Representation is the description or portrayal of someone or something in a particular way, whether that be good or bad. This essay will explore the differences and similarities of the way males and females are portrayed in childrens media, and even dig deeper into the intersectional theory which is the view that people experience oppression in varying configurations and in varying degrees of intensity, for example, that be the fact they are a member of the LGBT community or a POC (Person of colour). For this essay, I define childrens media as: Television Shows (Animation and Sitcoms) and Films. Originally, I included childrens literature as one of the areas I would analyse but I decided against this idea as I felt I was working with too much and I wouldnt be able to complete my project on time. I knew that focusing on too many things wouldnt allow me to work to my full ability and on the other hand, its a lot easier to watch something than it is to read something and fully comprehend it. I have many films and shows that I have used to base my research, for example I have taken a selection of the most popular shows (based on opinions from online critics and some factual evidence also) from the Networks dedicated to the ages of 8-16 so CN (Cartoon Network) and its sister channels affiliated with it and Disney, along with their related channels. Some of these programs include the popular programs like Steven Universe, Gravity Falls and Spongebob Squarepants. Its no use just watching these shows of course, I aim to make detailed notes showing the percentages of male and female character appearances in episodes, how certain genders and minorities are portrayed and to debate the question of which gender really receives the best and most realistic representation. For example, some questions I have asked myself during my research include, are there any obvious stereotypes that stand out to you and how do they make you feel? By doing this I believe I can form a solid opinion on the shows I have watched. However, its important that my opinions are not one sided so I aim to really argue with myself over the issues and weigh up the positives and the negatives in my conclusion. Furthermore, I wanted to discover how other people felt about gender representation in childrens media also. It would allow me to see if people really thought there was an issue and to try and understand those who believed that what their children were watching on television was okay. I have used questionnaires to gather opinions from both parents and children in hope that they will allow me to generalise the opinions further. Television: Cartoon Network Starting with Turners Cartoon Network I have chosen two programs from the channel, Johnny Bravo and Steven Universe. Johnny Bravo Starting with Johnny Bravo; it premiered on July 14, 1997, making it the earliest show on the Cartoon Network list, and the first season completed production in December of that year. [1]The series stars a muscular young man named Johnny Bravo who dons a pompadour hairstyle and an Elvis Presley-like voice. He has a forward, woman-chasing personality and the plots typically revolve around him trying to get a woman that he has targeted throughout the episode to fall in love with him. He is often beaten up or stunned by his target or companions, or is ditched by them in the end. Almost immediately I believe this sort of program to contain very sexist messages towards both men and women. For men, it shows that its normal to lust after young beautiful women and treat them as nothing but sexual objects that you can try and win over. Then, theres also the problem that the main character is promoting unrealistic standards for young boys. Adults or older viewers may see this as a joke made by the creators however I believe young children may comprehend this differently, they may believe this is the proper way to act. Steven Universe Finally, we have Steven Universe. it premiered on November 4, 2013 as Cartoon Networks first animated series to be solely created by a woman, Rebecca Sugar. I think the fact Rebecca Sugar is the first woman to create an animated series says a lot about the show because we can see that a woman is writing women which will lead to more accurate women characters. It is the coming-of-age story of a young boy named Steven Universe, who lives in the fictional town of Beach City with the Crystal Gems Pearl, Garnet, and Amethyst, three magical humanoid aliens. Steven, who is half-Gem, goes on adventures with his friends and helps the Gems protect the world from their own kind[2](Wikipedia, 2017). I decided to watch Steven Universe instead of other popular CN television shows, for example Adventure Time or We Bare Bears because its very different from your usual cartoon. What I mean by that is we have four main characters, three of them are women who sport different body shapes which shows great body representation for women and theres even one character who is coded black, which means that outside of the shows context, she is seen is a black woman[3]. When watching some of the episodes for the show, I expected to see a lot of good representation for both genders and minorities too. I didnt expect to see any themes or characters that were LGBT, but if there were, Id expect them to be secondary characters or not that important at all. However, I was proved wrong and the show surpassed what I expected. Well start with the very first episode of Steven Universe, Laser Light Canon. Not even a minute into the episode and 3 out of the 6 characters weve seen are plus size which is very surprising as you dont normally have that many characters that arent just slim or curvy in childrens television shows. Two minutes in and we meet the crystal gems; Garnet, Amethyst and Pearl. We see these characters fighting against corrupted beings, not even breaking a sweat. The first impression we have of these women is that they are powerful and that they dont conform to the norm. Amethyst is very relaxed, she lassos the monster and calmly says, Sup Steven? while doing a peace sign. From this we can see that shes the laid back one of the group, she doesnt take things too seriously and she likes to have fun with what she does. One thing to note is that Amethyst is plus sized, a very deliberate characteristic the story boarders have given her. In media, overweight characters (mostly girls) are virtually absent.[4] In the Prix Jeunesse study for childrens television in the UK, 431 (63.7%) of the sample were of average weight, 192 (27.4%) of the characters were very thin, and 55 (8.9%) very overweight. 63.7% of all characters represented in British childrens TV are of a normal body range. Females are more often thin, males more often overweight. Out of the female characters 159 (55.2%) are in the normal range, 112 (38.9%) are very thin and 17 (5.9%) are very overweight. 272 male characters (69.9%) are in the normal range, 79 (20.3%) are very thin and 38 (9.8%) are very overweight. [5] This shows that the cartoon is obviously aiming for representation of larger characters and so far, this is good representation. The next character Pearl is then seen, she moves carefully and her strikes are precise as a melodic tune from a piano plays in the background. From this small part we can see that Pearl lives up to her gemstone symbolism; shes pure and innocent. Disney  Movies: Disney and Pixar For this part of my report, I would like to refer to the studios Disney and Pixar both as Disney. It is my understanding that they are different but fundamentally they stem from the same studio. Mulan The first film we have from Disney is the 1998 classic, Mulan. This film is heavily praised and noted for being a feminist film but why is that? What makes Mulan feminist? The basic plot of the film is that Mulan takes the place of her father in the war as she is concerned about her health. Mulan tackles the idea of how gender roles are worthless and that anybody can do anything as long as you have the right attitude however some may argue against this. After her male disguise fails and she is banished, Mulan doesnt give up and instead saves the whole of China and winning the heart of her once captain, Shang. One of the problems that have arisen already is the use of gender identity and what makes you a man or a woman. Mulan plays with the idea that to be a man you must à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦be swift as a coursing river, with all the force of a great typhoon which are lyrics from the song, Ill make a man out of you. This is a problem as it reinforces the idea that you should be a man but what does it mean to be a man? This is giving young children, young boys in particular, a very obscured impression of what men are; that they should be powerful and forceful. This also links to the idea that men are praised for taking charge and women are brandished as bossy[6] (see figure 1) and commanding. In addition, the opening song, honour to us all includes the lyrics, men want girls with good taste, (who are) calm (and) obedient and who work fast-paced, with good breeding and a tiny waist. This is obviously sexist and demonstrates that in the past women were seen as nothing more than objects for men to a dmire. A further problem with gender identity in the film Mulan is that it could be regarded as transphobic as its ideas of what it means to be a man or woman only reference the physical aspects, for example the way we look or the way we talk which can be seen when Mulan cuts off her hair and uses a deep tone when pretending to be Ping who is her male alter ego. The film does not reference the mental aspects of gender and could possibly offend a minority of people. However, some argue that Mulan isnt transphobic in the slightest, its just all about gender performance, much like drag in real life. In the Feminist and Queer Analysis of Disneys Mulan by Juliane Fung they suggest that using the queer theorys idea of gender performativity, it can instead be argued that Mulan is a film about gender performance and not gender itself. The film is supported by Butlers idea that gender is not an inherent set of traits, but rather it is performed (Ott and Mack 2009).[7] Furthermore, the film explores the pressure that is put on young women and how the anxieties can affect the. In the song, Reflection Mulan considers about her roles she has. She claims that she will never pass for a perfect bride, or a perfect daughter which shows the unrealistic demands that she was asked of. Mulan also hopes that she can free (herself) from their expectations which also demonstrates that women are In conclusion, many would argue that Mulan executes feminism ideals very well and that the theme of women empowerment is the most prominent in the whole film while others would disagree and claim that the film portrays the belief that men are in fact superior to women and that feminine traits will always be subordinate to those of the superior male class, as explained in Juliane Fungs analysis.[8] Throughout the whole movie, the emphasis is on gender roles, not Mulans aim to save China or her fathers life. Moreover, I believe that no gender here is represented in a more positive way than negative. Its very obvious that Mulan reinforces gender stereotypes with males being strong leaders and females serving no other purpose than looking after their husbands and being beautiful. Something I felt was completely unnecessary was giving Mulan the love interest too, this film was supposed to show Mulan being strong and independent and break free of the stereotype that women should be wives a nd dedicate their life to domestic life so I felt having Mulan and Shang share a romantic relationship completely went against the films intended message. The Princess and the Frog The second film we have from Disney is The Princess and The Frog which is the modernised version of the Brothers Grimms The frog king. This film excited many people as it was the first Disney film to have an African American lead role who was female. It also strays away from the typical damsel in distress trope that Disney have frequently used in the past. Tiana is a hardworking woman from New Orleans from 1930s America. She works two jobs to try and fund her dreams of owning a restaurant but due to discrimination she is left without the chance to buy an empty property. Her friend Charlotte is the daughter of the mayor, shes rich and beautiful yet her and Tiana have a very honest and open relationship. This is really refreshing to see as you would expect Charlotte and Tiana to have a very unfortunate relationship however they work really well together. One problem however is that there are the stereotypes of the smart brunette and the dumb/helpless blonde. (Gà ¶tz, 2006). Tiana is a headstrong character while Charlotte is constantly obsessed with marrying princess and being a princess herself, many would argue that she is a very one-dimensional character as she has no other tropes other than the one previously mentioned. As I previously mentioned, Tiana was the first female African American lead of a Disney movie so a lot of people would be excited to see what role she would take on and how she would be represented. A positive of Tianas character is that she shows that its important to work hard for what you want and that you should always follow your head. Her happily ever after isnt that she is married to a prince, although that does happen, it is more about the fact she finally has her restaurant after working hard for so many years. Its very inspiring to see that Tiana finally reaches her goal after all of the hardships she faced but there are many problems attached to this as well. One problem that I have found is the fact that Disney likes to include love interests when theyre clearly not needed. By showcasing male-female romantic love as something out of the ordinary, special and magical childrens films further the notion of heterosexuality normative. (Kazyak and Martin, 2009) Furthermore, it seems at the end of the film that Tiana was only able to purchase the restaurant she wanted because of Naveens money and his status as a prince. Its understandable that this is more realistic as his privilege would have helped Tiana in the 30s but what sort of message does it promote to young women? That you have to rely on a man to reach your goals? In my opinion this is bad representation as it is showing that women cannot be independent in the long run. Another problem that could be argued is that even though Disney made a huge breakthrough with their first African American lead, Tiana spends the majority of the film as an amphibian. Obviously, she has to be so the film can be progressed but what does it say if we hardly have any moments with a humanised Tiana? It could be claimed that because of the way Disney gave human Tiana hardly any screen time they didnt want a woman of colour to be the main lead and that is understandable. However, on many pieces of merchandise Tiana is very much always presented as a human and not as the frog character we know so this could dispute that claim. On the other hand, Prince Naveen also has troubles with representation in the film. Disney have come under fire from many fans and black man who accuse Disney of erasing their identities. Stroman (1984) states that black characters on television shows are more likely to be unemployed and impoverished[9] so by making Naveen racially ambiguous, Disney have offended many people. From a blog online people have argued that this was a slap in the face of black men who are only portrayed as criminals and sidekicks and not heroes and romantic love interests.[10] In conclusion, I feel like Disney did try to represent both genders and minorities in this case well yet it didnt work. There are many problems such as the fact that the two main people of colour spend the majority of the film as amphibians and not portrayed as humans, that the female character has to rely on the male character for her dreams to come true and the forced hetero-romance between the main characters. On the other hand, there are many positives too. Tiana is overall a very inspiring character for young girls and especially little black girls. Its important for children to not only be encouraged by a character but that they can relate with them also. Tiana teaches them not to give up on your dreams even if the world is against you and thats an important life lesson for anyone. Prince Naveen is also a good role model for young boys, but mostly towards the end of the film when he has come to the end of his character arc. He goes from a penniless prince to a man who is loving and caring of his friends and family. He is concerned about his own ego at the start but changes to become more compassionate. Whats more is that Naveen loves his music and encourages others to play, something which is considered quite feminine. Bibliography Figure 1 http://articles.bplans.com/gender-equality-white-paper/?_ga=1.15604406.1436524096.1490723092 (Accessed Feb, 17) (Ott and Mack 2009) Ott, Brian, and Robert Mack. Critical Media Studies. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. (Accessed Jan, 17) (Gà ¶tz, 2006). Gà ¶tz, M. (2006). Die Hauptfiguren im deutschen Kinderfernsehen (The main characters of German childrens TV). In: TelevIZIon, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 4-7. (Accessed October, 16) (Kazyak and Martin, 2009)   Ã‚   Martin, K. A., Kazyak, E. (2009). Hetero-romantic love and heterosexiness in childrens g-rated films. Gender and Society, 23(3), 315-336. (Accessed October, 16) (Stroman, 1984) Stroman, C.A. (1984). The socialization influence of television on black children [Electronic Version]. Journal of Black Studies, 15(1), 79-100. (Accessed January, 17) [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnny_Bravo#cite_note-8, 2017 [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steven_Universe, 2017 [3] https://www.reddit.com/r/stevenuniverse/comments/3j7r23/does_garnet_count_as_black/cun2a4f/, 2016 [4] http://prixjeunesse.de/images/PDF/GenderInChildrensTVWorldwide_2008.pdf [5] http://www.prixjeunesse.de/childrens_tv_worldwide/studies/CTV_WW_23_UK_IZI_PJ_2008.pdf [6] http://articles.bplans.com/gender-equality-white-paper/?_ga=1.15604406.1436524096.1490723092 [7] http://mulananalysis.weebly.com/ [8] http://mulananalysis.weebly.com/ [9] The Portrayals of Minority Characters in Entertaining Animated Childrens Programs, http://etd.lsu.edu/docs/available/etd-05282004-130909/unrestricted/Smith_thesis.pdf [10] https://tcdh.wordpress.com/2009/12/14/the-princess-the-frog-controversies-and-criticism/

The Notebook Essay -- Film Movie Notebook Essays Movies

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Notebook is a phenomenal film with incredible performances and many heartfelt moments from beginning to end. It is a love story that many of us fantasize of living someday. The story unfolds in recent times at a Nursing home with the introduction of an elderly lady (Gena Rowlands) who is being visited by an old man, known as Duke (James Garner), who also resides in the nursing home, and he's there to read her a story. He begins to read about a young girl named Allie (Rachel McAdams) who was visiting a cousin one summer in the late 1940s. Allie was a beautiful teenage girl who eventually caught the eye of Noah (Ryan Gosling), her cousin's boyfriend's best friend. Initially, she showed no interest in Noah, considering the fact that she was a well rounded rich girl, and Noah, a poo...

Faded Glory :: essays papers

Faded Glory Hatred between two people who once thought they would spend their entire lives together, the separation of what once was thought of as the perfect family, a financial burden for a person who once considered themselves well off. Divorce is known for its’ power to rip apart even the most picture perfect family. The idea of living alone with no one to wake up to in the morning or no one to share your stories with after a hard days work. In short, divorce can seem like an eternal wreckage of everything a person ever worked for. Quite often, after signing the papers though it’s realized that the high expectations of hatred and loneliness have turned into a new outlook on life. This outlook puts hope and excitement back into a before, mundane life. Those endless nights of yelling and screaming have now been replaced with a peaceful nights sleep that leads to a new day that is even better than the one before. In short, a divorce can seem like a second chance at life. The re are three main areas to illustrate the positive image of divorce: new found happiness, individual freedom, and second chance at love. The first area to illustrate the positive image of divorce, as a second chance at life is ones new found happiness. Now that the worst half has been eliminated, one begins to realize that they have the time to do the things they like to do. No more, â€Å" Honey could you clean the kitchen for me.† or â€Å"Honey could you run to the grocery store for a few things.† Now ones new life consists of, â€Å"Can I get you another beer.† and all you can eat buffets. No longer does the new bachelor have to come home early so he can get a good nights rest to help provide for his beautiful bride. Nights now consist of hanging out with old friends and telling stories of when they were young and wild. That new car also helps to raise the spirits that the beautiful bride said was too expensive and not economical. In short, the now single guy is a tight- ropewalker without the net. The individual freedom is the second area used to illustrate this positive image as a second chance at life. This means no more waiting thirty minutes for the bride to get beautiful, just to go eat at Wendy’s, or having to stay up all night because she caught a cold.

Our War Against Terrorism is Justified Essay -- September 11 Terrorism

Our War Against Terrorism is Justified    This essay will address the question whether the war against terrorism declared by President George W. Bush is a just war.    According to the September 22nd edition of Star-Ledger, Professor Richard Falk, of Princeton University said   Ã¢â‚¬Å"the mainstream media have turned into a 'war-mobilizing mechanism' leading to intense indoctrination of the public in support of a military response." "We are living in a society that is so convinced of its own innocence that it is ready to embark on its own 'holy war,'" Falk said. He said that if and when the United States decides to use force, it should do so only in conformance with international law and according to the principles of a "just" war. "These would include making it illegal to target non-military sites or people, making sure the response is proportionate and ensuring that no unnecessary pain is inflicted. "In Bush's address (Thursday night) I saw no signs of sensitivity to any of these limits, no deference to the authority of the United Nations," Falk said.    Contrary to what Prof. Falk suggested, our country does consider before undertaking such actions whether it complies with the description of a "just war." We had such a discussion, for example, before moving to turn back Iraq's invasion of Kuwait in 1990. There was a good interview on the CNN website on the topic of a just war.    I don't believe there is any disagreement that non-violent methods of resolving conflicts must always be used when they are possible. But this is not always possible. Therefore the first thing to note is that there is such a thing as a "just war." The tradition goes back to St. Augustine and has been highly developed over the cent... ... While moving against bin Laden and the ruling Taliban which protects him, Pres. Bush and his advisers have clearly stated that we have no quarrel with the Afghan people. Instead of dropping bombs on them, our government has started to airlift food to alleviate the acute distress caused by more than twenty years of uninterrupted war. There has not been any military action merely for the sake of taking action or assuaging any supposed public desire for revenge.    Thus I conclude that the war against terrorism meets all four criteria of a "just war."   Sanity, virtue, and a sense of humor all depend, though in different ways, on having a proper sense of proportion. I suggest that early critics of the war on terrorism lack the necessary sense of proportion. They take themselves too seriously, and the situation and the ideas it contains not seriously enough.